{"id":63,"date":"2024-05-13T14:28:55","date_gmt":"2024-05-13T06:28:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/?p=63"},"modified":"2024-05-13T14:31:30","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T06:31:30","slug":"vlastnosti-dentalnich-implantatu-z-aluminokeramiky-indikace-a-konstrukcni-aspekty-preparace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/alumina-ceramic-dental-implants-properties-indications-and-preparation-design-considerations\/","title":{"rendered":"Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 zubn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty - vlastnosti, indikace a \u00favahy o n\u00e1vrhu preparace"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 zubn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty - vlastnosti, indikace a \u00favahy o n\u00e1vrhu preparace<\/h1>\n<p>Keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se rychle prosadil ve stomatologii d\u00edky sv\u00fdm vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm klinick\u00fdm vlastnostem a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se pro fixn\u00ed n\u00e1hrady. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se hloub\u011bji zab\u00fdv\u00e1 jeho vlastnostmi, indikacemi, \u00favahami o n\u00e1vrhu preparace a pou\u017eit\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je extr\u00e9mn\u011b odoln\u00e1 technick\u00e1 keramika, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 svou mechanickou pevnost\u00ed, chemickou stabilitou a biokompatibilitou. Tyto vlastnosti se zlep\u0161uj\u00ed s rostouc\u00edm stupn\u011bm \u010distoty; v\u00fdroba zahrnuje lisov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161ku za sucha pomoc\u00ed hydraulick\u00fdch nebo mechanick\u00fdch lis\u016f; po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed se pak mus\u00ed vyp\u00e1lit, aby z\u00edskal hustotu.<\/p>\n<h2>Tvrdost<\/h2>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd je extr\u00e9mn\u011b hou\u017eevnat\u00e1 a pru\u017en\u00e1 keramika s tvrdost\u00ed 9 stup\u0148\u016f podle Mohse, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, tak\u017ee je ide\u00e1ln\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v \u0159ezn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch, ta\u017en\u00fdch matric\u00edch, vytla\u010dovac\u00edch matric\u00edch, trysk\u00e1ch pro lisov\u00e1n\u00ed a elektrick\u00e9 izolaci. Krom\u011b toho vykazuje oxid hlinit\u00fd vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chemickou odolnost, proto\u017ee je vhodn\u00fd do kysel\u00e9ho a z\u00e1sadit\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, zat\u00edmco stupn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010distoty nab\u00edzej\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161enou odolnost proti korozi.<\/p>\n<p>Koroze oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho miner\u00e1ln\u00ed struktu\u0159e a obsahu ne\u010distot, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ne\u010distoty usazen\u00e9 b\u011bhem v\u00fdpalu zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed p\u0159ednostn\u00ed korozi na hranic\u00edch zrn keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho. Toto po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u00e1le urychluj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 koncentrace kyselin nebo alkalick\u00fdch roztok\u016f; pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed korozn\u00ed odolnosti t\u00e9to keramiky je t\u0159eba odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem zv\u00fd\u0161it mno\u017estv\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho, mullitu a korundu.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdrobci mohou pomoc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch proces\u016f brou\u0161en\u00ed a slinov\u00e1n\u00ed vytvo\u0159it keramick\u00fd v\u00fdrobek z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho s p\u0159esn\u00fdmi rozm\u011bry. Granule pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se stla\u010d\u00ed metodami such\u00e9ho nebo studen\u00e9ho izostatick\u00e9ho lisov\u00e1n\u00ed a pot\u00e9 se pomoc\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 chemie slinuj\u00ed, aby vznikla jejich kone\u010dn\u00e1 podoba - nebo se m\u00edsto toho mohou vyrobit vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika je pokro\u010dil\u00e1 technick\u00e1 keramika s mnoha \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi vlastnostmi, jako je vysok\u00e1 teplotn\u00ed stabilita, tvrdost a odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, biokompatibilita a inertnost, d\u00edky nim\u017e je vhodn\u00e1 pro \u0159adu aplikac\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f tlaku, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016ftoku kapalin, sou\u010d\u00e1stek elektronov\u00fdch trubic pro laserov\u00e9 komponenty a rentgenov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Hlin\u00edk lze tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt k v\u00fdrob\u011b keramick\u00fdch pr\u016fchodek mezi kovy a speci\u00e1ln\u00edch kel\u00edmk\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v metalurgick\u00fdch procesech tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed; d\u00edky sv\u00e9 pevnosti, hou\u017eevnatosti a odolnosti proti ot\u011bru je tento materi\u00e1l zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vhodn\u00fd pro aplikace v nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch brn\u011bn\u00edch.<\/p>\n<h2>Odolnost proti korozi<\/h2>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika m\u00e1 vysokou odolnost proti korozi a \u010dasto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, kter\u00e1 mus\u00ed odol\u00e1vat p\u016fsoben\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek. Hlin\u00edkovou keramiku lze d\u00edky jej\u00ed biokompatibilit\u011b a mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti nal\u00e9zt tak\u00e9 v zubn\u00edch a ortopedick\u00fdch implant\u00e1tech; mezi v\u00fdrobn\u00ed metody pat\u0159\u00ed lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za sucha, izostatick\u00e9 lisov\u00e1n\u00ed, odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1sky, vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Tepeln\u00e1 stabilita keramick\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho koeficientu tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje, jak se p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed rozp\u00edn\u00e1 nebo smr\u0161\u0165uje, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed neust\u00e1l\u00e9 zm\u011bny teploty. Jeho stabilita se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee m\u011bnit v z\u00e1vislosti na jeho velikosti a tvaru p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b - nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud je vyroben do velk\u00fdch blok\u016f s \u00fazk\u00fdmi otvory, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed uzav\u0159ou, m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s prask\u00e1n\u00edm nebo deformac\u00ed p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<p>Bylo tak\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee velikost zrn v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje odolnost korundov\u00e9 keramiky proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Studie odhalily, \u017ee keramika s men\u0161\u00ed velikost\u00ed zrn m\u00e1 lep\u0161\u00ed vlastnosti odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed d\u00edky men\u0161\u00edm t\u0159ec\u00edm sil\u00e1m mezi zrny, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobeny men\u0161\u00edmi sty\u010dn\u00fdmi plochami mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi zrny a men\u0161\u00edmi sty\u010dn\u00fdmi plochami - tato men\u0161\u00ed zrna maj\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tak\u00e9 m\u00e9n\u011b vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch kontaktn\u00edch bod\u016f, a proto vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed celkov\u011b men\u0161\u00ed t\u0159ec\u00ed s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkovou keramiku lze tvarovat do mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvar\u016f a je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro celou \u0159adu aplikac\u00ed. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 tvrdosti 9 stup\u0148\u016f podle Mohse a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chemick\u00e9 odolnosti jsou u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b n\u00e1stroj\u016f a brusn\u00fdch kotou\u010d\u016f; d\u00e1le jsou to vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed brusn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, jako jsou ta\u017en\u00e9 formy, vytla\u010dovac\u00ed formy a lo\u017eiska; zat\u00edmco d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pevnosti a izola\u010dn\u00edm vlastnostem jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro zapalovac\u00ed sv\u00ed\u010dky, pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b obvod\u016f, vakuov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky a zapalovac\u00ed sv\u00ed\u010dky.<\/p>\n<h2>Tepeln\u00e1 stabilita<\/h2>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika m\u00e1 n\u00edzkou tepelnou rozta\u017enost, co\u017e z n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro vysokoteplotn\u00ed aplikace, jako jsou ty, p\u0159i nich\u017e se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u00e1stroje z karbidu wolframu. Jej\u00ed odolnost v\u016f\u010di chemick\u00e9 korozi ji \u010din\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b \u017e\u00e1dan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed; bez v\u00fdskytu chemick\u00e9 koroze lze sn\u00e1\u0161et teploty a\u017e do 1000 stup\u0148\u016f C, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nab\u00edz\u00ed tak\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti ot\u011bru a n\u00e1razu, co\u017e z korundov\u00e9 keramiky \u010din\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbu p\u0159i \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed tvrd\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je tento.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch d\u00edky sv\u00e9 pevnosti a odolnosti. Hypoalergenn\u00ed a netoxick\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako materi\u00e1l pro n\u00e1hradu kost\u00ed nebo zubn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty - pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou aplikaci v\u0161ak mus\u00ed m\u00edt \u00fazkou distribuci zrn bez probl\u00e9m\u016f s p\u00f3rovitost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Bylo vyvinuto n\u011bkolik metod pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho. Ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed lomov\u00e9 hou\u017eevnatosti a \u00fanavov\u00e9 odolnosti oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho lze p\u0159idat rutil. Krom\u011b toho dopov\u00e1n\u00ed lanthanem, b\u00f3rem nebo c\u00ednem zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed tepelnou stabilitu tohoto materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<p>Zkoum\u00e1 se vliv dopov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00ednem na mezopor\u00e9zn\u00ed strukturu a chemickou stabilitu g-aluminu. Vzorky byly p\u0159ipraveny pomoc\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9 metalurgie s pou\u017eit\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho (A\/T), pot\u00e9 byly kalcinov\u00e1ny p\u0159i teplot\u011b 500 stup\u0148\u016f C po dobu dvou hodin a n\u00e1sledn\u011b byly vyrobeny zelen\u00e9 kompakty jednoos\u00fdm lisov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159i teplot\u011b 1650 stup\u0148\u016f C\/2 h v elektrick\u00e9 peci.<\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 se u t\u011bchto kompakt\u016f testovala pevnost CCS a MOR, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se p\u0159\u00eddavkem c\u00ednu se zvy\u0161ovaly hodnoty mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti. To lze vysv\u011btlit tvorbou f\u00e1ze AlBO3 vedle g-hlin\u00edku b\u011bhem sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed; hlin\u00edk dopovan\u00fd c\u00ednem pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat mezopor\u00e9zn\u00ed strukturu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 br\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b g-hlin\u00edku na a-hlin\u00edk i p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h2>Vodivost<\/h2>\n<p>Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost je pro keramiku z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vlastnost\u00ed, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et teplo na velk\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch, nap\u0159\u00edklad na p\u00e1nv\u00edch nebo elektrick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1ch. Zejm\u00e9na keramika s obsahem oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vynik\u00e1 v t\u00e9to oblasti d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti a n\u00edzk\u00e9 objemov\u00e9 hmotnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na stupni \u010distoty a teplotn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, \u00farovni p\u00f3rovitosti a pou\u017eit\u00fdch metod\u00e1ch zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro optimalizaci t\u011bchto odchylek a v\u00fdrobu keramick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu funguj\u00ed co nejl\u00e9pe, je t\u0159eba vyu\u017e\u00edvat c\u00edlen\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy matric se specifick\u00fdmi metodami zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a od v\u00fdrobc\u016f by m\u011bly b\u00fdt poskytnuty p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 technick\u00e9 \u00fadaje pro referen\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely nebo by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed s pou\u017eit\u00edm tohoto materi\u00e1lu provedeny specifick\u00e9 testy.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem, kter\u00fd ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fdkonnost keramiky z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, je koeficient tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti, kter\u00fd ud\u00e1v\u00e1, jak moc se m\u011bn\u00ed jej\u00ed velikost p\u0159i kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed teploty. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed koeficient znamen\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u00e1ch, co\u017e je vhodn\u00e9 pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje a ortopedick\u00e9 kloubn\u00ed plochy.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika se vyzna\u010duje n\u00edzk\u00fdm koeficientem tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti a vysokou teplotou t\u00e1n\u00ed a pevnost\u00ed, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00e1 pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b tavic\u00edch\/odl\u00e9vac\u00edch kel\u00edmk\u016f, pr\u016fchodek mezi keramikou a kovem, pr\u016fchodek pro rentgenov\u00e9 komponenty, vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch pouzder a vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch pr\u016fchodek.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho m\u00e1 keramika z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a lze ji vyr\u00e1b\u011bt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvarech pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace. Jej\u00ed m\u00edra opot\u0159eben\u00ed v\u0161ak z\u00e1vis\u00ed na kvalit\u011b suroviny pou\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b, tak\u017ee pro dosa\u017een\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b t\u00e9to keramiky je nezbytn\u00e9, aby byla pro v\u00fdrobn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely vybr\u00e1na pouze vysoce kvalitn\u00ed surovina.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u00edla<\/h2>\n<p>Pevnost je jednou z hlavn\u00edch p\u0159ednost\u00ed korundov\u00e9 keramiky, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje odol\u00e1vat extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a stresu, ani\u017e by se rozbila. Vysok\u00e1 hustota aluminokeramiky j\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje odol\u00e1vat tlakov\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm, ani\u017e by se rozdrtila, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nab\u00edz\u00ed velkou pevnost v ohybu a tahu, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je vhodn\u00e1 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou vlastnost\u00ed keramiky z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je odolnost proti korozi. Vzhledem k chemick\u00e9mu slo\u017een\u00ed a mikrostruktu\u0159e je korozn\u00ed rychlost korundov\u00e9 keramiky mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u kov\u016f; p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed La2O3 nav\u00edc zvy\u0161uje korozn\u00ed odolnost, proto\u017ee zpev\u0148uje krystalov\u00e9 struktury a sou\u010dasn\u011b sni\u017euje rozpustnost v kyselin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit jako ekonomick\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada m\u011bdi v elektrick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch a p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch, jako jsou vakuov\u00e9 pumpy, rozpra\u0161ovac\u00ed ter\u010de, elektronov\u00e9 trubice a laserov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky. Hlin\u00edk nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 v metalurgii a chemick\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159. v pr\u016fchodk\u00e1ch mezi kovy (pr\u016fchodky hlin\u00edk-kov), kuli\u010dk\u00e1ch pro uvoln\u011bn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed (pro uvoln\u011bn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed\/tepeln\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed), tepeln\u00fdch izol\u00e1torech chr\u00e1n\u00edc\u00edch obrobky p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed\/tepeln\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a tak\u00e9 ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edch kel\u00edmc\u00edch z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika je vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro v\u00fdrobu ortopedick\u00fdch implant\u00e1t\u016f a zdravotnick\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, proto\u017ee v kombinaci s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi biologick\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly nevyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 toxick\u00e9 ani alergick\u00e9 reakce. Hlin\u00edkovou keramiku lze dokonce vyr\u00e1b\u011bt do protetick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jako jsou tot\u00e1ln\u00ed kolenn\u00ed n\u00e1hrady (TKR) tvo\u0159en\u00e9 kovov\u00fdmi kondyly kloubn\u011b spojen\u00fdmi s tibi\u00e1ln\u00edmi plot\u00e9nkami z UHMWPE - ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro protetick\u00e9 aplikace, jako jsou tot\u00e1ln\u00ed kolenn\u00ed n\u00e1hrady (TKR).<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou stabilitu, proto\u017ee se p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u00e1ch teploty v\u00fdrazn\u011b neroztahuje. D\u00edky tomu je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbou materi\u00e1lu pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v prost\u0159ed\u00ed s vysok\u00fdmi teplotami nebo v aplikac\u00edch, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm, jako jsou vyzd\u00edvky vysokoteplotn\u00edch pec\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslu a pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, nap\u0159. nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9 panc\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-66\" src=\"http:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/alumina-ceramic.jpg\" alt=\"korundov\u00e1 keramika\" width=\"596\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/alumina-ceramic.jpg 596w, https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/alumina-ceramic-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/alumina-ceramic-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alumina Ceramic Dental Implants &#8211; Properties, Indications and Preparation Design Considerations Alumina ceramic material has rapidly gained a foothold in dentistry due to its excellent clinical performance, being used for fixed prostheses. This article delves deeper into its properties, indications, preparation design considerations and use. Alumina is an extremely hard-wearing technical ceramic, known for its&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/alumina-ceramic-dental-implants-properties-indications-and-preparation-design-considerations\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1le &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 zubn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty - vlastnosti, indikace a \u00favahy o n\u00e1vrhu preparace<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions\/67"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}