Idan kana aiki da famfuna, murhuna, na'urorin lantarki, ko duk wani abu da ke lalacewa da sauri fiye da yadda ya kamata, to ka riga ka sadu da seramiki na alumina. Wata\u0199ila ba ka kira shi da wannan suna ba. Wata\u0199ila ka kira shi kawai \u201cwancan \u0253angaren fari mai tauri da ya fi \u0199arfin \u0199arfe da ke kewaye da shi.\u201d Hakan ya yi. Na shafe shekaru ina fayyace shi, ina warware matsaloli, kuma wani lokaci ina muhawara game da alumina, kuma zan iya gaya muku wannan: ba ita ce keramiki mafi jan hankali a kasuwa ba. Ita ce wadda a zahiri ake amfani da ita.<\/p>\n
Alumina ita ce aluminium oxide, Al\u2082O\u2083. A cikin sassan masana'antu ana sintering \u0257inta zuwa keramiki mai cunkoso wanda yake da \u0199arfi, mai hana wutar lantarki, mai juriya ga sinadarai, kuma abin mamaki yana da amfani iri-iri. Wannan ha\u0257in ne ya sa ake ganinta a masana'antun da dama. Silicon carbide na iya cin nasara wajen gudanar da zafi. Zirconia na iya cin nasara wajen juriya. Alumina tana cin nasara a kan abubuwan da ba sa jan hankali amma suke da muhimmanci: samuwa, farashi, sau\u0199in sarrafawa a yanayin kore, da tarin kaddarori da suka \u201cisa sosai\u201d a wurare da dama a lokaci guda.<\/p>\n
Mutane suna cewa \u201calumina\u201d kamar dai abu \u0257aya ne. Ba haka ba ne. Fale-falen gogewa na 95% da bangaren vacuum na 99.8% 'yan'uwa ne, ba 'yan matafiya ba.<\/p>\n
Matakai na \u0199aramin masana'antu, sau da yawa a cikin kewayon 92\u201396%, su ne manyan masu aiki wajen juriya ga gogayya. Ka yi tunanin layukan ciki, bakin famfuna, kayan gogewa, faranti na bawul, jagororin yadi, da gaba\u0257aya masu hana wutar lantarki. Yawan nauyi yawanci yana kusan 3.6\u20133.75 g\/cm\u00b3. \u0198arfin sa mai \u0199arfi ne, tauri mai yawa, kuma farashinsa ya dace idan kana bu\u0199atar yawa.<\/p>\n
Idan aka tashi zuwa 99.5\u201399.8%, matakin gilashi yana raguwa, \u0199wayoyin suna \u0199ara matsewa, kuma kayan ya fara yin kama da keramiki mai daidaito. Kauri na \u0199aruwa zuwa 3.9 g\/cm\u00b3. \u0198arfin lankwasawa yawanci yana tsakanin 350\u2013430 MPa gwargwadon yadda aka sarrafa shi. Gudanar da zafi yana inganta. \u0198arfin dielectric yana \u0199aruwa. Fitar da gas yana raguwa. Wannan shi ne daraja da kake so don masu rufin wutar lantarki masu \u0199arfi, hanyoyin watsa wuta a cikin vacuum, kayan aikin semiconductor, tushe na fim mai siriri, da kayan aiki na zafin jiki mai yawa wa\u0257anda ba za su jure sinadarai marasa tsari ba.<\/p>\n
Akwai kuma tsarkin matu\u0199ar girma. Yi amfani da shi idan kasafin kudi na plasma, na optik, ko na gurbacewa bai ba ka za\u0253i ba. Kada ka yi amfani da shi saboda takardar bayanai tana da ban sha'awa. Tsarkin da ya fi yawa yana da tsada kuma ba lallai ne ya fi dacewa ga kowane aiki ba.<\/p>\n
Yawancin keramiki na alumina suna farawa ne a matsayin foda da manna, sannan a samar da su ta matsa bushe, matsa isostatic, fitarwa, zuba laka, ko \u0199irar allurar. Bayan haka sai a yi sintering, wanda sau da yawa yake sama da 1500\u00b0C. Sashin yana raguwa, yana \u0199ara kauri, sannan ya zama keramiki fari ko na launin \u0199ashin doki da aka saba gani.<\/p>\n
Wannan shi ne inda yawancin ayyuka ke samun nasara ko faduwa. Yin sarrafa kayan aiki na kore ya fi rahusa fiye da gogewa da lu'u-lu'u na wani sashi da aka gasa. Idan siffar ta yi rikitarwa, yi tsara ta tun da wuri don wannan tsari. Idan saman dole ne ya zama daidai sosai, yi shirin gogewa, gogewa da lapha, ko wal\u0199iya bayan sinter. Lullu\u0253e da \u0199arfe (metallizing) na faruwa sosai a kan sassan lantarki. Lullu\u0253e da foda mai she\u0199i (glazing) ana ganinsa a wasu sassa masu saurin lalacewa da kuma na masu rufin wuta. Babu wani abin mamaki a cikinsu. Sai dai kawai a yanke shawara kafin wani ya aiko da kyakkyawan samfurin CAD wanda ba za a iya kera shi cikin arha ba.<\/p>\n
Tsayin daka shi ne taken. A sikeli na Mohs yana kusan 9. A aikace, hakan na nufin gogayya yayin zamewa, gogayya daga slurry, da ta\u0253a waya ko zaren fiber ba sa lalata shi kamar yadda suke lalata \u0199arfe ko polymer.<\/p>\n
Hakanan, babban mai toshe wutar lantarki ne. Juriya ta yaduwa yawanci tana sama da 10\u00b9\u2074 ohm-cm a zafin \u0257aki, kuma tana ci gaba da amfani a zafin da ya \u0199aru fiye da yadda mafi yawan mutane ke tsammani daga \u201cmai toshe keramiki.\u201d Shi ya sa jikin buhunan wal\u0199iya, tsokar resistor na wuta, murfin na'urorin gano abubuwa, da bushings na babban \u0199arfin lantarki ke ci gaba da dogaro da seramiki na alumina.<\/p>\n
A ta fuskar sinadarai, yana iya jimre wa nau'o'in sinadaran acid da dama, da yawancin ruwan aiki, da yanayin iska mai \u0199ara oksijin. Matakan da aka tsarkake sosai na iya aiki a cikin iska a kusan 1600\u20131700\u00b0C ba tare da \u0257aukar nauyi ba, kodayake sassan ainihi suna da siffa, bambancin zafi, da kayan ha\u0257awa wa\u0257anda galibi ke rage wannan zafin. Gudun watsawar zafi matsakaici ne \u2014 yawanci a kewayon 20\u201335 W\/m\u00b7K gwargwadon nau'i \u2014 don haka yana motsa zafi mafi kyau fiye da zirconia, amma ba silicon carbide ba ne.<\/p>\n
Fa'idar da aka \u0253oye ita ce balaga. Masana'antu sun san yadda ake matsa shi, \u0199one shi, ni\u0199a shi, da bincika shi. Lokutan isarwa da farashin kayan aiki yawanci sun fi natsuwa fiye da na keramiki masu \u0199warewa.<\/p>\n
Sassan da ke lalacewa da farko: hatimin famfo, plungers, bushings, layukan cyclone, tayal na chute, bututun fesawar yashi, da layukan ni\u0199a. Sannan na lantarki: substrates, bututun insulator, sassan wal\u0199iya, feedthroughs. Sannan na zafi: bututun kariya na thermocouple, kayan daki na kilin, tallafin murhu. Kayan aikin likitanci da na dakin gwaje-gwaje suna amfani da shi idan dacewa da jiki ko rashin martani na sinadarai ya zama muhimmanci amma ba a bu\u0199atar \u0199arfi sosai ba. Na'urorin lantarki har yanzu suna son alumina 96% a matsayin ingantaccen matakin tushe saboda man shafawa yana manne da kyau kuma farashinsa ya kasance mai araha.<\/p>\n
Na ga irin wannan tsari sau da yawa. Kujerar \u0199arfe tana \u0257aukar watanni uku. Kujerar alumina tana \u0257aukar shekara guda. Kwararren jagorar polymer tana lalacewa. Jagorar alumina tana kiyaye girma. Wannan ba sihiri ba ne. Wannan \u0199arfi ne da kwanciyar sinadarai.<\/p>\n
Yana da rauni. Juriya ga karyewa yawanci tana kusan 3\u20135 MPa\u00b7m\u00bd. Idan aikace-aikacen yana da tasirin bugun \u0199asa mai \u0199arfi, ba a daidaita shi yadda ya kamata, ko kuma zai iya fuskantar girgizar jan hankali, zirconia ko ha\u0257e-ha\u0257e mai \u0199arfi zai iya cetonka. Idan kana bu\u0199atar zafi ya ratsa cikin \u0253angaren, duba aluminum nitride ko silicon carbide. Idan sinadaran sun kasance alkaline sosai a zafin jiki mai yawa, gwada shi da hankali. Kuma idan wani na \u0199o\u0199arin amfani da alumina mai ramuka ko mara tsarki a cikin tsarin vacuum mai \u0199arfi da tsarkin sinadari mai yawa, hana su. Sunan da ke kan akwatin ba shine kayan da ke cikin \u0257akin ba.<\/p>\n
Yin \u0199ayyade tsarki fiye da kima wata kuskure ce ta gargajiya. Jikin 99.8% a cikin bututun slurry mai datti sau da yawa kawai wani \u0253angare ne mai tsada na 96%.<\/p>\n
Kada ka aika \u201calumina ceramic\u201d ka yi fatan zai yi aiki. Bayyana tsarkin, \u0199arfin cunkoso, \u0199arfin a zafin jiki idan yana da muhimmanci, kammalawar saman, da yanayin muhalli: kafofin, pH, zafin jiki, \u0199arfin lantarki, nau'in lalacewa, da ko \u0253angaren zai fuskanci bugun. Tambayi ko mai kaya yana magana ne game da halayen kayan bayan an gasa ko halayen bayan an ni\u0199a kuma an yi masa sheki. Wa\u0257annan ba su yi daidai ba.<\/p>\n
Idan kana za\u0253ar kayan aiki don sabuwar layi, fara da alumina sai dai idan akwai dalili mai \u0199arfi da zai hana hakan. Shi ne keramiki na fasaha da aka saba amfani da shi saboda akwai dalili. Yana da \u0199arfi, mai hana wutar lantarki, mai juriya ga sinadarai, kuma mai ma'ana a kasuwanci. Idan aikace-aikacen ya fi dacewa da zirconia ko silicon carbide, ka fa\u0257i haka. Manufar ba sayar da keramiki mafi \u0199yalli ba ce. Manufar samar da wani sashi da zai ci gaba da aiki.<\/p>\n
Wannan alumina ce. Ba abin asiri ba. Ba sabon salo ba. Kawai farar keramiki ce da ke bayyana koyaushe saboda tana aiki. Idan kana da matsalar sawa, rufewa, ko zafin gaske a kan teburin aiki, fara da ita \u2014 ka daidaita daraja da aikin, ba da takardar talla ba.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Alumina Ceramic, Without the Fluff: What It Is, Why It Works, and When to Use It If you work around pumps, furnaces, electronics, or anything that wears out faster than it should, you have already met alumina ceramic. You may not have called it that. You may have just called it \u201cthat hard white part… Karanta \u0199ari \u00bbAlumina Ceramic, Menene Shi, Me Ya Sa Yake Aiki, da Lokacin da Za a Yi Amfani da Shi<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=218"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":219,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218\/revisions\/219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramic.net\/ha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=218"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0199ir\u0199irar rubutu","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}